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With the new outbreak of H1N1 flu in spring 2009 and the expected second wave of flu outbreaks in the 2009-2010 flu season, there has been great interest in using surgical masks (masks) and respirators as infection control measures. "Although their appearance is usually similar, compared with surgical masks, respirators have significantly different functions in design and engineering. The reduced exposure of respirators and surgical masks is different. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend the use of NIOSH certified N95 or better respirator to protect medical personnel who are in direct contact with H1N1 patients. The CDC guidelines can be found in the 2009 Interim Guidelines for Infection Control Measures of H1N1 Influenza Health Care Institutions. In September 2009, the Institute of Medicine issued a report "Respiratory Protection for Healthcare Workers In the Workplace Against Novel H1N1 Influenza a", The report also recommends that medical personnel use N95 respiratory protective masks to protect against influenza A H1N1. This blog discusses the scientific principles behind the design and performance of surgical masks and respirators. Although these principles apply to all particulate protective masks, the discussion in this article focuses on the most commonly used N95 filter mask protective masks (FFR) in the medical environment. Evolution of respiratory protection against particulate exposure Early surgical masks were made of multiple layers of gauze. In the early 20th century, surgical staff wore such gloves for the first time to prevent contamination of open surgical wounds. Over time, their design, functions, and uses have expanded. Today, surgical masks are widely used in various medical settings to protect patients from the breathing gas emissions of the wearer. A surgical mask is a disposable device that prevents users from releasing potential contaminants into the surrounding environment. In the United States, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved medical masks for sale. They may be labeled as surgical, laser, isolation, dental or medical procedure masks. They can wear masks or not. Since OSHA published the standard for bloodborne pathogens (29 CFR 1910.1030) in 1991, surgical masks have been recommended as part of general precautions to protect the wearer from direct splashes and splashes of infectious blood or body fluids. (The FDA provides more information about surgical masks.) The first modern respirator was also developed in the early 20th century. The motivation for their development came from protecting miners from harmful dust and gas, soldiers from chemical warfare agents, and firefighters from smoke and carbon monoxide. In 1919, the U.S. Bureau of Mines issued the first performance standard for gas masks, which applies to self-contained breathing apparatus used in mines and gas masks used by soldiers to combat chemical warfare agents. Today, respirators can be found in many workplaces. Their use in medical institutions can be traced back to the 1990s, when people worried that employees would contract drug-resistant tuberculosis. Medical staff's illness and death during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in the early 2000s have renewed attention to the use of respirators to treat certain infectious respiratory diseases. More recently, planning work for pandemic influenza in 2006-07 has led to a lot of discussions about the role of small particle inhalation in the spread of disease and the use of respirator to protect medical staff from airborne influenza particles. A list of all disposable masks or filter masks approved by niosh can be provided. NIOSH also maintains a database of all NIOSH approved respirators, regardless of the type of respirator-the list of certified equipment. Whether the goal is to prevent the aerosol generated by the user from escaping outward, or to prevent harmful air particles from being transported inward, performance has two important aspects. First, the filter must be able to capture harmful particles, usually in a large range of sizes (<1> 100µm) in a series of airflows (approximately 10 to 100 L / min). Second, leakage must be prevented at the boundary between the mask and the face. However, without first ensuring that the filter functions well, it is impossible to ensure good sealing performance at the rear end. https://www.maskwholesales.com
Thema von goodwood im Forum Regeln und Informationen
The Yan flies although is a bit interrogative,is still very happy to the unmanned machine lately- appeared function.The first new function is an in general use space to fly to open completely to the Yan, let the Yan fly the real use of knowing the in general use space.Have after, the this overall cognition's Yan flies just can the ability of the in general use space thoroughly exertion come out.From now on, best hunting knife in general use space no longer just one keep thing space, it will help Yan to fly to carry out some affairs that don't basically and impossibly carry out in the common run of people eyes. The second all new function is to appear a small scaled production car, this is the place that lets the Yan flies to feel a surprise most .This combines nonentity in reality, but is located in in general use space inside, it can not be flown from the in general use space by the Yan in take out, its physical volume fully had 10000 sign square rice, occupy half the space of the in general use space. This small scaled production car is very miraculous, its looking is a huge room, but room inside but pitch dark one, what also can't see.Its inside didn't produce an equipments, didn't produce a worker, even without air, but it can produce to produce an article.After these products are produced, the Yan flies the ability carry on sale or is oneself's use they since the in general use space took out. The Yan flies as long as opening to lend support to a Zhi brain, ability at lend support to Zhi brain in find out to this small scaled production control centre between the cars.Lend support to a Zhi brain once the complete production craft that owns a certain product, it leads into this production craft small scaled production car inside, and set to produce an amount, as long as in general use space in existence homologous original material.So after consuming certain energy and ordering, this small scaled production car will automatically grab at the original material in the in general use space and come out this product production according to the production craft of assistance Zhi brain. When the product carries on production, will appear a miraculous phenomenon.As long as at this small scaled production car the production in come out of thing, complete need not worry on the accuracy to will appear a problem.As long as the willing to give up depletion energy orders, again the product of high accuracy small scaled production car can produce.This function is very strong, once making use of will fly to bring a huge advantage for Yan well. To know that the China can not produce the most sophisticated some equipmentses in the world for example motor, tool machine, and chip...etc., the biggest reason is a production of time the accuracy exists a problem.If take no cognizance the problem of accuracy, this small scaled production car is born production the product of the boundary top tallest accuracy.Can break those high-tech nation to the technique blockader of China, mourn the industrial big country of beating the international top thus. While carrying on product's producing, the assistance Zhi brain can adjust production craft and production accuracy according to the actual circumstance.But regret of BE, more adjust to produce accuracy and production craft, time produce the energy consuming orders more many.If adjust production craft and production accuracy to the extreme achievement, 1000 all-powerful quantity of very probably unmanned machine orders for an instant meeting drive all depletion over. In addition to in general use space and small scaled production car outside, the unmanned machine still appeared an incomparable skill vibration wave.Still never know before Yan flies that the unmanned machine will also appear an incomparable skill, and still a name is high greatly last technical ability.This makes him more curious to the true background of unmanned machine, unfortunately having no clues can answer his question. The Yan flies to start looking into elucidation concerning vibration wave and discovered the operation method of vibration wave right away.The vibration wave is some similar at a kind of treatment method in the medical science, that is the crushed stones outside the body.The human body appears to conclude a stone, will make use of the way that a kind of machine is used a vibration to shake calculus smash, then the human body ejects calculus being smashed to body outside.Certainly, the work principle of vibration wave than this complicated a lot of times, but basically of principle but about.
13.04.2020 04:44
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